Dull/ sharp pain, or general soreness: Orthopedic Injuries

Orthopedic injuries encompass a range of conditions that can affect athletes during training or competition. From ankle sprains to knee ligament tears, fractures, and even DOMS (Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness), it’s essential for athletes to be aware of these injuries and their management. 

Examples of Orthopedic Injuries

Sprains:

Sprains occur when the ligaments supporting a joint (knee, ankle, wrist) are stretched or torn, often due to a sudden twist or turn, or due to contact. Symptoms include pain, swelling, and difficulty bearing weight. To manage this, follow the P.E.A.C.E. and L.O.V.E. protocol and read the information below.

Strains:

Strains occur when a muscle is torn. There are different degrees of tear, with most strains being minor. Symptoms can include pain, swelling, and difficulty with moving that particular muscle. In severe cases you can have bruising. To manage this, follow the P.E.A.C.E. and L.O.V.E. protocol and read the information below.

Fractures and other serious injuries :

Fractures, or broken bones, can occur in various parts of the body due to trauma or overuse. Common sites for fractures in athletes include the wrist, ankle, and bones of the lower leg, but also stress fractures in smaller joints. This is always a medical emergency. Call 911 and go to the emergency department right away.

DOMS (Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness):

DOMS refers to muscle soreness and stiffness that develops 24 to 48 hours after strenuous exercise. While not a serious injury, DOMS can significantly impact athletic performance and comfort. 

P E A C E  and L O V E- Protocol in case of an injury:

• P.E.A.C.E. Protocol (Protection, Elevation, Avoid Anti-inflammatory modalities, Compression, Education):
  • Protection: Protect the injured area from further harm by using supportive equipment, such as braces or crutches, if necessary.
  • Elevation: Elevate the injured limb above the level of the heart to reduce swelling and promote circulation.
  • Avoid Anti-inflammatory Modalities: Contrary to traditional approaches, avoid using anti-inflammatory medications during the initial stages of injury, as they may interfere with the body’s natural healing processes.
  • Compression: Apply gentle compression to the injured area using bandages or compression garments to minimize swelling and provide support.
  • Education: Educate yourself about your injury, its management, and the importance of following a structured physical therapy program.
• L.O.V.E. Protocol (Load, Optimism, Vascularization, Exercise):
  • Load: Gradually introduce appropriate loading to the injured area as tolerated, focusing on restoring function and strength while minimizing pain.
  • Optimism: Maintain a positive outlook throughout the physiotherapy process, recognizing that setbacks may occur but progress is possible with dedication and patience.
  • Vascularization: Promote blood flow to the injured area through gentle movement to facilitate healing and reduce stiffness.
  • Exercise: Engage in targeted rehabilitation exercises prescribed by a healthcare professional to improve range of motion, strength, and proprioception, ultimately facilitating a safe return to sport.

Pharmacological Management 

• Pharmacological management may involve pain relief medications, such as acetaminophen, ibuprofen, or naproxen to manage discomfort during the acute phase of injury. However, it’s essential to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any medication regimen.

Who to see

Minor orthopedic injuries resolve on their own in approximately a week. For anything lasting more than that, please see your healthcare provider (GP or Physiotherapist.). 

Do I need imaging?

Gold standard for diagnosing most orthopedic injuries is a combination of physical exam, and imaging such as ultrasound, x-rays, or MRI. Depending on your injury, your healthcare provider will consult and refer you for imaging if needed.